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3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

LATER.

Patented Apr. 6, 1897.

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No.. 580,227. Patented Api. 6, 1897.

(No Model.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 3. E. L. SGRIBNER.

LATHB.

No. 580.227. PatentedApr. 6, 1897.

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ELBRIDGF. LLE\VELLYN SCRIBNER, OF AMESBURY, MASSACHUSETTS.

LATH E.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 580,227, dated April 6,1897.

Application led October 4, 1893.

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELBRIDGE LLEWELLYN SCRIBNER, a citizen of the UnitedStates, residing in Amesbury, county of Essex, State of Massachusetts,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lathes, of whichthe following is a clear and exact speciication.

My invention relates more particularly to wood-turning lathes, and moreespecially to means'for turning spindles of different lengths anddierent sizes of stems; and it has for its object the production of amachine that is simple in construction, inexpensive to manufacture,positive in its varied motions, and efficient in all particulars,whereby spindles can be readily turned in dierent designs and sizes in amost economical manner.

The invention consists in the novel details of improvement and thecombination of parts that will be more fully hereinafter set forth, andthen pointed out in the claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of thisspecification, Figure 1 is a partly-broken front elevation of myimproved lathe. Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof. Fig. 3 is a verticalcross-section on the line y y, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a similar view on theplane of the line x in Fig. 1. Fig. 4* is a sectional detail viewhereinafter explained. Fig. 1b is a detail view of the stock-holdingwheel, showing guardA in position. Fig. 4C is a plan view thereof, andFig. et() is a perspective view of said guard. Fig. 5 is a longitudinalsection of the shaft2l and cutterhead 26. Fig. 6 is an end view of saidcutter-head, showing knife in position. Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic view ofa spindle and its stemming-knives. Fig. S is an end view of thetraveling carriage 8, showing guard 32.

In the accompanying drawings the numeral 1 indicates a frame which maybe of any suitable construction.

2 is a main driving-shaft, suitably journaled in bearings 3 on frame 1and provided with a driving-pulley e. (See Fig. 2.) The shaft 2 carriesmiter-gears 5, that mesh with corresponding gears G, secured on shafts7, suitably journaled on frame 1, and shown extending at right angles toshaft 2.

The shafts 7 communicate longitudinallyreciprocating motion to carriagesor sliding Serial No. 487,173. (No model.)

heads 8 8, guided to travel on the bed 9 of frame 1, and for thispurpose the carriages or heads 8 carry depending standards or arms 10,arranged in pairs, as shown in Fig. 1, having a space 10 between eachpair, as shown. The inner walls of the standards or arms 10 arepreferably beveled or in V form to receive between them the slidingbearing-blocks 11, whose outer edges correspond to the form of the innerwalls or faces'of standards or arms 10 to permit the blocks l1 to travelfreely in space 10a. The blocks 11 are carried by crank-pins 12,connected with shafts 7, and shown carried by disks 13, screwed onshafts 7, (see Figs. 1, 4, and 43,) washers 14 and split pins 15 beingshown holding crank-pins 12 and blocks 11 together. By this means, asthe shafts 7 turn, the blocks 11 will travel between arms 10, and thusthe carriages or heads 8 will be reciprocated along bed 9. By preferencethe disks 13 have slots 13L to receive the pins 12, which latter areadjustably held in position by nuts 18h, so that pins 12 can be adjustedmore 0r less from shafts 7. Thus the movement of carriages S 8 can beregulated more for different lengths of stock to be cut. (See Fig. 4N.)Thus is formed what I term a motion within a motion.

11 is a collar on pin 12, revolving within a bearing 1 1b in block l1and on pin 12.

The traveling carriages or heads S are removably carried on the bed 9,and for this purpose said bed is shown provided with longitudinal rails16, that are held on bed 9 by screws or bolts 17 and made laterally adjustable, said screws entering transverse slots 1S in the rails 16. Theinner sides of rails 16 are shown undercut or beveled at 19 to engagethe outwardly-beveled lower sides 2O of carriages or heads S, (see Fig.4,) whereby said heads are properly guided on Ithe bed 9.

The carriages or traveling heads S carry the knives for cutting thestems of spindles, and for this purpose hollow shafts 21 are j ournaledin bearings 22 on carriages 8.v The shafts 21 carry driving-pulleys 23and preferably are provided with balance-wheels24 for holding andstoring power against any check to shafts 21 when in motion. The shafts21 are adapted to receive the ends of the spindles 25 of the stock to beworked up. The hollow shafts 21 carry hollow cutter- IOS heads 26,having suitably-shaped cutters or knives 27, which rotate around thespindles 25, which latter are held stationary. The arrangement of thecutter-heads 26 and knives 27 is shown in Figs. 5 and 6. The shafts 21and cylinder-heads 26 may have suitablysized bores and are detachablyconnected together, and for this purpose the shaft 2l isA shouldered at28 and internally threaded at 29 to receive threads 30 on cutter-heads26. The cutter-heads 26 are radially slotted at 31 to receive the angledknives or cutters 27, as shown in Fig. 6.

32 is a guard which may be carried by carriages 8 and placed nearcutter-heads 26, as shown in Fig. 10, so that the shavings from thespindles will be caused to fall away to the rear of the machine. Theguard 32 is preferably semicircular, as shown, to keep the shavings fromscattering.

The stock from which the spindles are to be cutis to be carried betweenthe cutterheads 26, and for this purpose I have provided a wheel or disk33, that is carried by an arbor 34, suitably j ournaled in bearings 35on frame 1. The wheel 33 is provided with one or more clamping-jaws 36,eight sets of jaws 36- being shown in Fig. 3. These jaws consist ofmovable plates 36a, carried in slots in the wheel to engage stationaryplates 36h, also suitably carried by said wheel. (See Fig. 3.) Themeeting faces of plates 36a and 36b are suitably recessed at 37, beingshown in rectangular form to constitute a square opening when the jawsare brought together, so as to firmly clamp and hold the stock to bestemmed. Part of the jaws 36 are preferably made thin and part thickerfor holding stock, and for holding short and long centers, respectively,on the spindles to be made. The jaws or plates 36L are moved by screws38, that are swiveled to said plates and pass through threaded apertureson cap-plates 39, carried by the wheel 33.

40 is a hand-wheel on the screw-stems 38 for turning them. The wheel 33is located in a space 41 between the two side parts of frame 1, (seeFig. 2,) whereby it is free to turn to carry the stock to thecutter-heads 26. The

wheel 33 is irmlyheld while a jaw 36 is in line between the opposingcutter-heads by means of a suit-able lock, shown consisting of alongitudinally-movable rod 42, that slides in bearings 43 on one of therails 16, as well as in an aperture 43CL in a bearing-block 35, whichbearings are made removable by screws or bolts 44, the bearings beingshown mounted on rails 16. One end of rod 42 is shown tapered to entercountersinks or apertures 45 in the side of wheel 33, (see Fig. 3,) saidaperture being so arranged that when the rod 42 is in one thecorresponding jaws 36 will be in line with the cutter-heads 26. Thelockingrod 42 is pressed forward into aperture 45 by a spring 46, showncoiled on said rod and pressing at one end against bearingy 43, andatits other end being suitably connected with rod 42. The locking-rod 42is moved from aperture'or countersink 45 by the retreat of carriage 8,and for this purpose said carriage is shownprovided with a projection orbar 47, that engages an extension 48 on rod 42, this trip being soarranged that when the carriage 8 retreats from the work, or fromproximity to wheel 33, the part 47 will act on part 48 and draw the rod42 fromits aperture or countersink 45, and when the carriage againadvances to the work will permit the rod 42 to enter another countersink45 and thus again hold the wheel 33 in proper position for stemmingpurposes.

In order to furnish means for regulating the projection of the stock 25from the wheel 33, I use a guide A, which is preferably curved in acircle corresponding to the circle of the jaws 36. (See Fig. 4d.) Thisguide is adjustably carried by a bar or support B, shown carried onstandards G or frame 1, screws D being used to hold said support inposition.

By adjusting guide A toward or from wheel C the stock can be moved moreor less from said wheel against said guide to determine the amount itshall extend for stemming.

From the foregoing it will be understood that the wheel 33 can holdseveral pieces of stock for spindles at one time, a newl piece beingplaced in position while another v,is being cut by the knives or cutters27 as they are brought to the work by the advancing carriages 8, eachcarrying a cutter-head 26 and knives 27, the wheel 33 being locatedbetween them. The stock to be-cut can project from both sides of thewheel, and thus both ends of the stock can be simultaneously cut and toa corresponding gage. By this means the capacity of the machine isincreased, as stops are not necessary, the cutting operations beingsubstantially continuous. knives 27 advance toward the center of thestock or spindle 25 and, according to their shape or angle, leave acenter piece 25 on the spindle 25.

The action of my machine is to begin cutting at the ends of the blankslowly and grad.- ually and increase in speed toward the center. Afterthe spindles are cut to the form shown in Fig. 7 they are put in amachine to finish the central portions, and for this purpose I prefer toemploy a lathe such as described and claimed in my divisionalapplication filed January 10, 1896, Serial No. 574,982.

Having thus described my invention, the following is what I claim as newtherein and desire to secure by Letters Patent:

1. In a lathe, the combination of a pair of reciprocating carriages, thecutter-heads carried thereby, arotatable disk or wheel located betweensaid cutter-heads and provided with clamps to hold the stock to be cut,apertures or countersinks formed in the disk or wheel corresponding tosaid clamps, a springpressed rod supported upon the main frame andadapted to enter said apertures for holding the disk or wheel in thedesired position,

The

IOO

and a suitable connection between one of said carriages and said rod forwithdrawing the rod from an aperture by the movement of said carriage,substantially as described.

2. In a lathe, the combination of a main frame, a main shaft,cross-shafts geared to said main shaft, crank-wheels on said Crossshaftsformed with crank-slots, crank-pins adj ustably mounted in said slots,reciprocatio ing carriages on said main frame, slotted

